TADA is an AI-based solution that supports approach air traffic controllers (ATCOs) in controlling and sequencing arrival flights, aligned with the sequence proposed by the arrival manager (AMAN) implemented in terminal airspace (TMA).

TADA will dynamically receive sequence and time to gain (TTG) / time to lose (TTL) information from an AMAN. It will use its AI-based algorithms to issue a proposed optimised trajectory for each arrival flight, from the moment it enters the TMA until it begins its final approach. TADA then supports the ATCO with several functions, including:

• Ensuring compliance with the 4D proposed trajectory (4DPT) by displaying the trajectory and the ATC instructions required for each flight to stay within a tolerance range. These instructions are proposed at different stages: initially as an intent, and later for monitoring purposes, as the actual trajectory is compared with the proposed one. The system alerts the ATCO if any deviations from the 4DPT are detected.

• Displaying the 4DPT to all sectors within the TMA to improve overall situational awareness and predictability among controllers.

• Calculating and displaying the associated distance to go (DTG) until landing once the 4DPT is established.

Historical and synthetic data will be used to train machine learning (ML) algorithms. A human–machine interface (HMI) will also be developed, incorporating explainability features to provide clear insights into the rationale behind proposed decisions.

BENEFITS

• Reduced ATCO cognitive workload compared to a non-TADA baseline, increasing capacity.

• Improved sector and inter-sector situational awareness of each 4DPT, enhancing predictability and safety.

• Improved aircraft energy management through early issuing of DTG.

• Preference for efficient trajectories, improving fuel efficiency and environmental sustainability.

• Separation of 4DPTs for inbound flights, enhancing safety.

TADA is designed to operate in medium- to high-density, complex TMAs. The anticipated target technology readiness level (TRL) at the end of the project is TRL2 (Basic technology research / research to prove feasibility).